Domain scavenging, more commonly known as DNS scavenging, refers to the process of cleaning up stale DNS records that dynamically register themselves over time in the DNS database. This mechanism is typically used in conjunction with Dynamic DNS (DDNS) to automatically remove outdated records, such as those for IP addresses no longer in use, and can help prevent DNS-related issues such as name resolution conflicts and bloat in the DNS database. This practice is essential for maintaining an accurate and efficient Domain Name System, particularly in environments where IP addresses and host configurations frequently change. Here's an overview of domain scavenging:

1. Purpose: Scavenging helps remove stale resource records from DNS, which might no longer be valid due to changes in network configuration, such as decommissioned servers, expired DHCP leases, or devices that are no longer part of the network.

2. Automated Cleanup: The scavenging process is often automated. DNS servers are configured to periodically scan the DNS records and remove those that are outdated or no longer in use.

3. Aging and Refresh: Scavenging relies on two key concepts: the aging of records and the refresh of these records. When a DNS record is created or updated, it’s given a timestamp. If this record is not refreshed or updated within a certain period (the aging time), it's considered stale.

4. Scavenging Interval: Administrators set a scavenging interval, which is the frequency at which the DNS server checks for stale records. If a record is older than the aging period by the time of this check, it will be notified to the user through scavenge reports

5. Prevents DNS Bloat: Regular scavenging prevents the DNS database from becoming bloated with unnecessary records, which can slow down DNS query responses and lead to inefficiencies in network operation.

6. Dynamic DNS Environments: Scavenging is particularly important in dynamic DNS environments where DHCP is used to assign IP addresses. As clients come and go, their DNS records need to be updated or removed to reflect their current status.

7. Careful Configuration: Incorrectly configured scavenging can lead to the premature deletion of active DNS records. It’s important to set appropriate aging and scavenging intervals to avoid disrupting network services.

8. Improves Network Security: By removing outdated records, scavenging can also enhance network security. Stale DNS entries can be a security risk, as they may point to unused IP addresses that could be exploited by malicious actors.

Domain scavenging is a crucial maintenance activity for any network that uses DNS and DHCP. It helps ensure that the DNS database remains up-to-date and free from clutter, enhancing both the performance and security of the network.

 Configuring domain scavenging in DDI 

To configure Domain scavenging in ME DDI:

Note: Scavenging can be configured only for A, AAAA. CNAME, PTR and TXT records, as only these records are capable of receiving dynamic updates.

• Select the DNS menu from the menu bar along the left side of the screen. From the submenus that appear, choose Scavenging.

• First configure scavenging for your DNS infrastructure under the Configure tab.

• On the Configure window that appears, the top field SCAVENGING PERIOD is meant for  all the A, AAAA. CNAME, PTR  of the domains selected. This is the duration after which a DNS record becomes eligible for scavenging if it has not been refreshed. If the DNS record still remains un refreshed after this period, DNS server considers the record stale and eligible for deletion and put up in the report for the user to delete or reclaim it .

• SCHEDULE INTERVAL: This dropdown menu allows the user to select how often the scavenging process should be scheduled to run. The options could range from daily to monthly intervals.

• DOMAINS: Here, you can specify which domains are subject to the scavenging process. Click Save.

• Once the scavenging is configured , the Configure page  summarizes your selections and shows the domains it targets to scavenge.

• Once it detects stale records, the records will be displayed in the reports section. Depending on the current state of the records, the user can delete it or reclaim those records.