I have some investigation and see very strange logic...

1. I see machines still needs replaced patch (it's not required if I run Windows Update): 

     2017-05 Cumulative Update for Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems (KB4023680)

     patch replaced by:

Cumulative Update for Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems (KB4022715)

Information from MS site:

http://www.catalog.update.microsoft.com/Search.aspx?q=KB4022715

2. Question from same URL -

     There are  Delta Update for Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems (KB4022715)
     It's 10 times less size then full patch

Why DC doesn't use it?

Dmitry