Encryption has been around for centuries. Encryption is the process of transforming information into a form that is unreadable by anyone other than that the information is intended for. It has long been used by the military and governments to protect communications. In today’s world, we use encryption to protect a variety of data, both in transit and at rest. It is used to protect home Wi-Fi networks, mobile telephones, ATM machines, secure websites, and more. Encryption makes use of an algorithm (also called a cipher) to transform information into an unreadable format and requires a “key” to decrypt the data into its original, readable format. A key for electronic/digitally encrypted information is really just bits of code that use an algorithm to lock and unlock information. Public and Private keys refer to the ‘keys’ used to encrypt and decrypt information. A private key generally refers to an alphanumeric string that is generated as an access code or a password, it is also known as a Secret key. whoever has access to a private key has absolute control over it. Contrast with "public key," which can be published on a website or sent in an ordinary email message. The public key is viewable and accessible publicly as there is no risk of a data breach. you can generate a public key with a private key, doing the opposite is practically impossible because of the one-way “trap-door” function. You can have any number of public keys connected to a private key.